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CDT/Archive/designs/StaticAnalysis/CheckerIdeas

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Note: The contents of this page refer to design documents reflecting work in progress of Eclipse CDT features and for some features that have never been implemented. Therefore they may not refer to the current state of CDT.

This page is collection of ideas for checker that can be implemented for C/C++ Static Analysis in CDT (Codan). Feel free to add your own ideas or links.

Checkers

Unused #include
#include <stdio.h>
int main() { return 1; }
Malloc called without sizeof consideration
 int * arr = (int *)malloc(20); // should be malloc(20*sizeof(int))
Assigned to itself
 x = x;
Result of comparison is constant
(x==x)
(!x && x)
Redundant comparison operations
(!(!x))
(x!=0 || 0!=x)
Comparison is used on "boolean" values
0<x<3
 !x>5
Consequent re-assignment without usage (sub-case of Value is never used after assignment)
x=1;
x=2;
Value is never used after assignment
int x;
x=23;
return;
Unused local variable
local variable is not used in function
Undeclared variable
This is compiler error - catch early and have a quick fix so Ctrl-1 work like in java, I so like java quick fixes and code generation!
{ x = 5; }
Quick fix
{ int x = 5; }
Buffer over flow
This code is unsafe
char x[10];
char y[15];
memcpy(x,y,20);
Also this code
char x[10];
x[11] = 'a';
b = x[11];
Invalid value assignment to enum
enum ee { a, b };
ee dd;
dd = 7;
Reduce scope
When a variable or a function has a greater scope than where it is used, that scope may be reduced.
For example: a variable with file scope that is only used in one function, can be declared static with function scope.
Or, a function that is only used in one file, may be declared with the static keyword, and its declaration removed from header files included by other files.
Variable with same name in higher scope
int a;
void foo( void )
{
 int a;
}
Missing "break" in "switch"
finding missing "break" when one "case" ends and another starts, or the "switch" ends. Unless /* no break */
switch {
case 1:
 // <- here (before next "case")
case 2:
 /* no break */ // <- This is OK
case 3:
 // <- here (end of "switch")
}
Missing "default" in "switch"
switch {
case 1: 
case 2:
case 3:
 // <- here (no default)
}
Condition always TRUE / FALSE
if( 1 > 2 ) // Always FALSE
if( 1 < 2 ) // Always TRUE
-> or .
Spotting erroneous use of -> where . was intended.
Spotting erroneous use of . where -> was intended.
Static callback functions
Functions whose pointer is passed around must be declared static.
Names differ within the first 32 characters

Flag the names which do not differ within the first 32/24/16 characters

myModulePrefix_HandleReceivedDoThisMessage(...)
myModulePrefix_HandleReceivedDoThatMessage(...)
Enforce use of types defined in a specific header file
types.h - specific header file
typedef char Int8;
typedef short Int16;
typedef long Int32;
typedef int Bool;
stuff.c
#include "types.h"
void f(void)
{
 Int8 x; /* Ok */
 char y; /* Flag: char should be substituted with Int8 */  
}


if (a) ... else if (a) pattern
if (count == 3) {}
else if (count == 8) {}
else if (count == 3) {} //second check
char array string checking for empty
const char *str = "Hello";
if (str != '\0'){} //Wrong
// if (*str != '\0') should be used
Wrong var incrementing/decrementing
for ( i = 0; i < 18; i++)
   for (j = 0; j < 4; i++){} //Possible that wrong var incremented.
Double used var for cycles
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
    //some code
    for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {}
}

Links

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