Revision as of 12:14, 21 June 2011

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Key API

• XmlVirtualAccessMethods

Virtual Access Methods

In addition to the standard JAXB access methods (public member, field, property, etc.), EclipseLink MOXy 2.3 introduces the concept of virtual properties and virtual access methods, which instead rely on special get() and set() methods to maintain mapping data. For example, you might want to use a HashMap as the underlying structure to hold data for certain mappings. The mappings that use virtual method access must be defined in EclipseLink OXM metadata.

In order to add virtual properties to an entity:

• the Java class must be marked with an @XmlVirtualAccessMethods annotation, or <xml-virtual-access-methods> element in OXM
• the Java class must contain getter and setter methods to access virtual property values
  • public Object get(String propertyName)
  • public void set(String propertyName, Object value)
  • method names are configurable but must have the same method signatures as above

By default, EclipseLink will look for methods named "set" and "get". To customize accessor method names, see Specifying Alternate Accessor Methods.

Configuration

Virtual Access Methods can be configured either through Java annotations or EclipseLink OXM metadata.

Using Annotations

package example;
 
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.*;
 
import org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.annotations.XmlVirtualAccessMethods;
 
@XmlRootElement
@XmlVirtualAccessMethods
@XmlAccessorType(AccessType.PROPERTY)
public class Customer {
 
   private int id;
 
   private String name;
 
   private Map<String, Object> extensions = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 
   public Object get(String name) {
      return extensions.get(name);
   }
 
   public void set(String name, Object value) {
      extensions.put(name, value);
   }
 
   @XmlAttribute
   public int getId() {
   ...
 
}

Using EclipseLink OXM

...
<java-types>
   <java-type name="Customer">
      <xml-virtual-access-methods />
      <java-attributes>
         <xml-attribute java-attribute="id"/>
         <xml-element java-attribute="name"/>
      </java-attributes>
   </java-type>
...

Example

For this example we will use the following Employee class. In addition to some conventional JAXB mappings, we also specify that this class contains virtual properties by including the @XmlVirtualAccessMethods annotation (or alternately in OXM).

Next, we define our virtual mappings in their own EclipseLink OXM file. Any property encountered in this file that does not have a corresponding Java attribute will be considered a virtual property and will be accessed through the virtual access methods.

virtualprops-oxm.xml

...
<java-types>
    <java-type name="Customer">
        <java-attributes>
            <xml-element java-attribute="discountCode" name="discount-code"
                type="java.lang.String" />
        </java-attributes>
    </java-type>
</java-types>
...

When creating the JAXBContext, we pass in the virtualprops mappings along with our Customer class.

To set the values for virtual properties, we will use the aforementioned set() method.

InputStream oxm = classLoader.getResourceAsStream("eclipselink-oxm.xml");
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
properties.put(JAXBContextFactory.ECLIPSELINK_OXM_XML_KEY, oxm);
 
Class[] classes = new Class[] { Customer.class };
JAXBContext ctx = JAXBContext.newInstance(classes, properties);
 
Customer c = new Customer();
c.setName("Dan Swano");
c.set("discountCode", "SIUB372JS7G2IUDS7");
 
ctx.createMarshaller().marshal(e, System.out);

This will produce the following XML:

<customer name="Dan Swano">
   <discount-code>SIUB372JS7G2IUDS7</discount-code>
</customer>

XmlAccessorType and XmlTransient

If you are using an @XmlAccessorType other than AccessType.PROPERTY, you will need to mark your virtual properties Map attribute to be @XmlTransient, to prevent the Map itself from being bound to XML.

package example;
 
@XmlRootElement
@XmlVirtualAccessMethods
@XmlAccessorType(AccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
 
   @XmlTransient
   private Map<String, Object> extensions;
   ...

Configuration Options

Specifying Alternate Accessor Methods

To use different method names as your virtual method accessors, specify them using the getMethodName and setMethodName attributes on @XmlVirtualAccessMethods:

package example;
 
@XmlRootElement
@XmlVirtualAccessMethods(getMethod = "getCustomProps", setMethod = "putCustomProps")
@XmlAccessorType(AccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
 
   @XmlAttribute
   private int id;
 
   private String name;
 
   @XmlTransient
   private Map<String, Object> extensions;
 
   public Object getCustomProps(String name) {
      if (extensions == null) {
         extensions = new HashMap<String, Object>();
      }
      return extensions.get(name);
   }
 
   public void putCustomProps(String name, Object value) {
      if (extensions == null) {
         extensions = new HashMap<String, Object>();
      }
      extensions.put(name, value);
   }
 
}

In OXM:

...
<java-types>
   <java-type name="Customer">
      <xml-virtual-access-methods get-method="getCustomProps" set-method="putCustomProps" />
      <java-attributes>
         <xml-attribute java-attribute="id" type="java.lang.Integer" />
         <xml-element java-attribute="name" type="java.lang.String" />
      </java-attributes>
   </java-type>
...

Schema Generation Options

If the user generates an XML Schema from the JAXBContext after virtual properties have been added, then the resulting schema will obviously be different from any Schema that may have been used to generate the initial domain objects.

To configure how these new properties should appear in future generated schemas, use the schema attribute on @XmlVirtualAccessMethods.

Virtual Properties as individual Nodes

This is EclipseLink's default behaviour, or can be specified explicitly as an override as follows:

package example;
 
@XmlRootElement
@XmlVirtualAccessMethods(schema = XmlVirtualAccessMethodsSchema.NODES)
@XmlAccessorType(AccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
 
   ...

For example:

Original Customer Schema:

<xs:schema ...>
 
    <xs:element name="customer">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="first-name" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="last-name" type="xs:string" />
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
 
</xs:schema>

Generated Schema after adding middle-initial and phone-number:

<xs:schema ...>
 
    <xs:element name="customer">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="first-name" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="last-name" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="middle-initial" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="phone-number" type="xs:string" />
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
 
</xs:schema>

Virtual Properties in an <any> Element

EclipseLink can also use an <any> element to hold all of the virtual properties in one node:

package example;
 
@XmlRootElement
@XmlVirtualAccessMethods(schema = XmlVirtualAccessMethodsSchema.ANY)
@XmlAccessorType(AccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
 
   ...

Taking the example from above, a newly generated schema using this approach would look like:

<xs:schema ...>
 
    <xs:element name="customer">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="first-name" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="last-name" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:any minOccurs="0" />
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
 
</xs:schema>